Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism
Fatty acid activation (endoplasmic reticular)
Beta oxidation of even-chain fatty acids (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-9) (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of phytanic acid (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of di-unsaturated fatty acids (n-6) (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of even-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-7) (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-7) (peroxisomal)
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-9) (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of di-unsaturated fatty acids (n-6) (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (mitochondrial)
Beta oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)
Cholesterol biosynthesis 1 (Bloch pathway)
Cholesterol biosynthesis 3 (Kandustch-Russell pathway)
Formation and hydrolysis of cholesterol esters
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-lacto and neolacto series
Chondroitin / heparan sulfate biosynthesis

Hunt MC, Alexson SEH. (2008). Progress in Lipid Research 47: 405-21
Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP, Bonen A. (2010). Physiological Reviews 90: 367-417, Kamp F, Hamilton JA. (2006). Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 75: 149-59, PMCID: PMC2785172, Evtodienko VY, Bondarenko DI, Antonenko YN. (1999). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1420: 95-103
PMID: 15060085, Westin M, Hunt M, Alexson S. (2008). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 65: 982-90, PMID: 20560540
PMID: 15007068, PMID: 18538142, Westin MAK, Hunt MC, Alexson SEH. (2005). Journal of Biological Chemistry 280: 38125-32
PMID: 20157782, Han L, Ye J, Qiu W, Gao X, Wang Y, Gu X. (2007). Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 30: 507-14, PMID: 11489939
Jones LL, McDonald DA, Borum PR. (2010). Progress in Lipid Research 49: 61-75
Westin M, Hunt M, Alexson S. (2008). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 65: 982-90. doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3055,doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1340,biochimica et biophysica acta 1546 (2001) 21-43
Korman SH, Waterham HR, Gutman A, Jakobs C, Wanders RJA. (2005). Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 86: 337-44
molecular genetics and metabolism,Volume 85, Issue 2, June 2005, Pages 108-114
journal of lipid research vol 15(1974), PMID: 20173117
biochemical and biophysical research communications 263,213-218(1999),biochimica et biophysica acta 1546(2001)21-43
Vianey-Saban C, Guffon N, Delolne F, Guibaud P, Mathieu M, Divry P. (1997). Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 20: 411-4
biochimica et biophysica acta 1546(2001)21-43
PMID: 11356164, the journal of biological chemistry volume280,no.1,issue of january,pp.738-744,2005
the journal of biological chemistry,vol 280, no1,issue of january 7,pp 738-744,2005
Go Tajimaa et al,journal of chromatography B,volume 823,issue 2,5 September 2005, Pages 122-130
Shigematsu Y, Hirano S, Hata I, Tanaka Y, Sudo M, et al. (2003). Journal of Chromatography B 792: 63-72
Sun W, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang J, Cao Y, et al. (2011). Clinica Chimica Acta 412: 1270-4, PMID: 12828998, PMID: 9498103, Nagaraja D, Mamatha SN, De T, Christopher R. (2010). Clinical Biochemistry 43: 581-8
Nagaraja D, Mamatha SN, De T, Christopher R. (2010). Clinical Biochemistry 43: 581-8
PMID:20195903, PMID:20490924, international journal of molecular medicine 19: 81-87, 2007.
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 342, Issue 4, 24 September 2004, Pages 1197-1208
PMID:15060085,PMID:9827430,The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.Vol. 221 (2010) , No. 3 pp.191-195
Korman SH, Waterham HR, Gutman A, Jakobs C, Wanders RJA. (2005). Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 86: 337-43
PMID:20064629, journal of lipid research 1998 vol 39 pages 2161-2171
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 342, Issue 4, 24 September 2004, Pages 1197-1208 5.3.3.8
PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL ,FEB 1999 ,Volume: 41    Issue: 1    Pages: 52-60
clinica chimica acta 240 (1995) 35-51, http://www.perkinelmergenetics.com/3Hydroxy3MethylglutarylCoALyaseDeficiency.html
Bodamer OA, Muhl A. (2005). Monatshefte fur Chemie / Chemical Monthly 136: 1293-7, http://www.childrensmn.org/Manuals/Lab/Chemistry/051465.pdf
Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 1486(2000) 1-17, Eur. J. Biochem. 244, 1-14 (1997) FEBS 1997, Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 1546(2001) 21-43.
european journal of physiology(2007) 453:719-734
Hans Gerhard Vogel, Franz J. Hock, Jochen Maas, Dieter Mayer (2006),  Drug discovery and evaluation: Safety and pharmacokinetic assays, Springer publication, Chapter II D, page 456, table 3, PMID: 19035290, PMID: 12634921, European Journal of Pharmacology 441 (2002) 127-132. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281:C1077-C1093, 2001. Amino Acids (2005) 29: 229-233 DOI 10.1007/s00726-005-0221-x. PMID: 11901210
PMID: 18094143, PMID: 11396616, G.F.M. Ball (2006) Vitamins their role in the human body, Blackwell publishing, chapter 19, page 395-398, PMID: 17222174
Park SY, Bae IY, Lee S, Lee HG. (2009). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57: 439-43, PMCID: PMC2663451, PMID: 17251929
PMID: 1953660, PMID: 21749321, G.F.M. Ball (2006) Vitamins their role in the human body, Blackwell publishing, chapter 16, page 339-340.
Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith, James L. Groff (2009) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism, Wadsworth cengage learning, 5th edition, page 359-360.
PMCID: PMC2809139, Janos Zempleni, Robert B. Rucker, Donald B. McCormick, John W. Suttie (2007) Handbook of vitamins, CRC press, chapter 13, page 418-422
G.F.M. Ball (2006) Vitamins their role in the human body, Blackwell publishing, chapter 17, page 353, PMID: 19762432.
PMID: 20522896, PMID: 14642859, Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith, James L. Groff (2009) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism, Wadsworth cengage learning, 5th edition, page 71-72
PMID: 21611850, PMID: 7825524, McFadzean B, Dicks P, Groenmeyer G, Harris P, OConnor C. (2011). Minerals Engineering 24: 463-9, T.Pandolf and F.M. Clydesdale (1992) Journal of food science, vol.57, no.5, 1242-1245.
PMID: 9555061, PMCID: PMC2821027, PMID: 9054409, PMID: 9082452, PMCID: PMC2670638, http://mss3.libraries.rutgers.edu/dlr/TMP/rutgers-lib_26338-PDF-1.pdf
Sareen S. Gropper, jack L. Smith, James L. Groff (2009) Wadaworth cengage learning, Advanced nutrition and human metabolism, 5th edition, page 142-148.
PMID: 16925468, PMID: 12537466, PMID: 9808647, T.Pandolf and F.M. Clydesdale (1992) Journal of food science, vol.57, no.5, 1242-1245.
Zacherl C, Eisner P, Engel K-H. (2011). Food Chemistry 126: 423-8, Dongowski G. (2007). Food Chemistry 104: 390-7
PMID: 10964259, PMID: 8254515, G.F.M. Ball (2006) Vitamins their role in the human body, Blackwell publishing, chapter 11, page 275.
no transporter could be identified, so diffusion is assumed.
Jane D. Carver, W. Allan Walkera , The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Volume 6, Issue 2, February 1995, Pages 58?72.
D-aspartate may exit by diffusion or require specific transporters.
PMID: 14502423, PMID: 11824937, Kim E. Barrett, Mark Donowitz (2001) Gastrointestinal transport: Molecular physiology, Academic press, A harcourt science and technology company, chapter 10, pages 389-391.
Davidson, N. O., Magun, A. M. and Glickman, R. M. 2011. Enterocyte Lipid Absorption and Secretion. Comprehensive Physiology. 505?526, PMID: 17015489, PMID: 18216769, PMID: 6833883, PMID: 11229876.
required for cholesterol synthesis in E.R.
PMID: 4382012, PMID: 13575411, Harpers illustrated Biochemistry (2009) 28th edition pages 174-183
most probable reaction. added during gap filling.
added during gap-filling. Diffusion into the blood is assumed.
G.F.M. Ball (2006) Vitamins their role in the human body, Blackwell publishing, chapter 12, page 291-292, PMID: 21854757, PMID: 20463145, Said HM, Hollander D, Mohammadkhani R. (1993). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1148: 263-8.
Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith, James L. Groff (2009) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism, Wadsworth cengage learning, 5th edition, page 472-476.
PMID: 14580160, PMID: 2317925, PMID: 18340504, Rubino A, Pierro M, Torretta GL, Vetrella M, Martino DD, Auricch S. (1969). Pediatric Research 3: 313-9
Luxembourg screening panel, PMID: 7705801, PMID: 2507878, PMID: 11005799
Pediatric Nephrology (Avner, Pediatric Nephrology) Fifth Edition, by Ellis D. Avner (Editor), William E. Harmon (Editor), Patrick Niaudet (Editor), ISBN-13: 978-0781735452, ISBN-10: 0781735459, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
PMID: 1429566, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd.
PMID: 10755375, PMID: 1861461, PMID: 8487503, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd.
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd, OMIM:246450, PMID: 11755680, PMID: 20470824.
PMID: 7603789, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd.
PMID: 20882351, PMID: 21050883, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd.
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd.
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd, PMID: 16573641, PMID: 18348873, PMID: 16111821.
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd, PMID: 16573641, PMID: 18348873, PMID: 16111821, PMID: 15922108.
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd, PMID: 15922108.
Saudubray, J. M., v. d. B. Georges and J. H. Walter (2012). Inborn Metabolic Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd, PMID: 4684367, PMID: 7116632.
PMID: 2739576, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd
PMID: 2001377, Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd
Chalmers, R. A. and A. M. Lawson (1982). Organic Acids in Man: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Diagnosis of the Organic Acidurias. London, Chapman and Hall Ltd., PMID: 8371066.
Murray, R.K., Bender, D. A., Botham, K. M., Kennelly, P. J.,  Rodwell, V. W., Weil, P. A. A lange medical book: Harper's illustrated Biochemistry, (Mc Graw Hill Medical, New York, NY, 2009).
Murray, R.K., Bender, D. A., Botham, K. M., Kennelly, P. J.,  Rodwell, V. W., Weil, P. A. A lange medical book: Harper's illustrated Biochemistry, (Mc Graw Hill Medical, New York, NY, 2009). Raju, S.M. & Madala, B. Illustrated Medical Biochemistry, (Anshan Ltd, 2005), http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/451762_5.
Geoffrey J. Dutton, CRC Press, 1980, PMID:10529008, PMID:25210150
PMID: 9515184, Graham, G. ; K. Williams (2004). Metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics of Ibuprofen. Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 21942630.
Brunton, L., Lazo, J., Parker, K. (2006). Goodman & Gilmans: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, The McGraw-Hill companies, PMID: 19482594, PMID: 16321621, PMID: 15497697.
PMID: 6705983, PMID: 3936286, PMID: 12418493, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Kalsi SS, W. D., Waring WS, Dargan PI (2011). Does cytochrome P450 liver isoenzyme induction increase the risk of liver toxicity after paracetamol overdose? Open Access Emergency Medicine 3(1): 69-76., PMID: 11095574
PMID: 1026559, PMID: 11215692, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Sarkar, A., Tiwari, A., Bhasin, P. S., Mitra, M. (2011). Pharmacological ; Pharmaceutical Profile of Gliclazide: A Review. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 1(9): 11-19, Zayed, M., F. Nour El-Dien, et al. (2010). Mass spectra of gliclazide drug at various ion sources temperature: Its thermal behavior ; molecular orbital calculations. Journal of Thermal Analysis ; Calorimetry 102(1): 305-312, PMID: 1794262
PMID: 16046661, PMID: 16026004, Brunton, L., Lazo, J., Parker, K. (2006). Goodman & Gilmans: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, The McGraw-Hill companies, PMID: 11368292.
Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press., PMID: 11714888, PMID: 11215692
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal. Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49.
PMID: 2088871, PMID: 11535246, PMID: 9194521, PMID: 11215692, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
PMID: 8165189, PMID: 34689, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Pang, K. S., Rodrigues, A. D., Peter, R. M. (2010). Enzyme ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions: Progress ; Future Challenges, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists 2010, Springer Publications., PMID: 17655371
PMID: 8361996, PMID: 8595701, PMID: 3276417, PMID: 1788988, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49.
PMID: 1788988, PMID: 8361996, PMID: 8595701, PMID: 3276417, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49.
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 21710988.
PMID: 20103563, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal. Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter. New York, Springer New York: 27-49.
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49.
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 20516252
PMID: 11215692, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press., PMID: 1026559.
PMID: 21862693, PMID: 11154740, Davies, N. M. (2004). Chirality in Drug Design ; Development, CRC Press 2004, PMID: 10836148, PMID: 20926620
PMID: 10725307, PMID: 1859831, PMID: 8381432, PMID: 18988084, Graham, G. G., Williams, K. M. (2004). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press 2004.
PMID: 8381432, Davies, N. M. (2004). Chirality in Drug Design ; Development, CRC Press 2004., PMID: 19949916
Graham, G. ; K. Williams (2004). Metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics of Ibuprofen. Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
Davies, N. M. (2004). Chirality in Drug Design ; Development, CRC Press 2004., PMID: 20032540
Gibson, G. G., Skett, P (2001). Introduction to Drug Metabolism, Nelson Thornes Publishers., PMID: 17655371,
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal. Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter. New York, Springer New York: 27-49., PMID: 23140240
PMID: 12724351, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49.
PMID: 21245207, PMID: 19785645, PMID: 21942630, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 21436344.
PMID: 17640958, Graham, G. ; M. Hicks (2004). Pharmacokinetics ; Metabolism of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen). Aspirin ; Related Drugs, CRC Press.
russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 12190331, PMID: 12676880
PMID: 9474471, Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49, PMID: 16934049, PMID: 10919840.
Russel, F. G. M. (2010). Transporters: Importance in Drug Absorption, Distribution, ; Removal, Enzyme- ; Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions. K. S. Pang, A. D. Rodrigues ; R. M. Peter, Springer New York: 27-49